Bulbs known from 1879 r. they are the most widely used source of light and despite a relatively low luminous efficiency, in many cases they are still irreplaceable sources. The advantages of incandescent lamps are: large variation in their power (from a part of a watt to a few kilowatts) and the possibility of using different values of supply voltages (from 1,5 V do 280 V). The luminous efficiency of bulbs ranges from 8 do 18 lm/W (higher efficiency values correspond to bulbs of greater power). The luminous flux ratings of the main series bulbs are given in the table. Bulbs can work in a very wide range of ambient temperature, from the lowest in the country up to 70 ° C.
Board. Rated luminous flux [Im] voltage bulbs 230 V
| Bulb power | Luminous flux of light bulbs with a bulb | |
| [W] | transparent | matte |
| 40 | 430 | 430 |
| 60 | 730 | 730 |
| 75 | 960 | 960 |
| 100 | 1380 | 1380 |
| 150 | 2200 | 2200 |
| 200 | 3150 | 3150 |
| 300 | 5000 | – |
| 500 | 8400 | – |
| 1000 | 18800 | – |
| Attention. Bulbs up to 200 W - with E handle 27, and with power above 200 W - with E handle 40. | ||
Strumień świetlny i trwałość T żarówek bardzo silnie zależą od wartości napięcia zasilającego U.
Even a slight increase in the voltage value significantly reduces the life of the bulbs. Reducing the tension increases durability, but at the same time it causes a significant reduction in the luminous flux, which is a disadvantage. The normal lifetime of the bulbs is 1000 h.
For general lighting of facilities such as stadiums, airports etc.. halogen bulbs are used, whose bulbs contain halogens in addition to neutral gas, tj. elements such as fluorine, chlor, bromine and iodine. The use of halogens increases the durability and light efficiency of the bulbs, because there is a regeneration process in halogen bulbs, relying on this, that at a temperature of about 3000 ° C, the tungsten particles evaporated from it returns to the filament. The average lifetime of halogen lamps is 2000 h. Rated values of the luminous flux of halogen lamps are given in the table.
Board. Rated luminous flux of voltage halogen lamps 230 V.
| The power of the lamp [W] | Luminous flux [lm] lamp | Shank type | |
| transparent | matte | ||
| 40 | 500 | 475 | E 14 |
| 60 | 840 | 800 | E 14 i; E 27 |
| 100 | 1600 | 1525 | E 14 and E 27 |
| 150 | 2550 | – | E 27 |
| 500 | 10250 | – | E 40 |
| 1000 | 24000 | – | E 40 |
| 2000 | 50000 | – | E 40 |